Synchronous motors can be operated at which type of power factor?

Synchronous motors have the unique capability to operate at both leading and lagging power factors due to their ability to adjust the rotor's magnetic field. When a synchronous motor is operated with an excitation level that is equal to or less than the required reactive power, it draws reactive power from the supply, leading to a lagging power factor. Conversely, when the motor is over-excited, it produces excess reactive power and can supply this to the electrical system, thereby operating at a leading power factor.

This versatility in power factor adjustment makes synchronous motors valuable in power systems for power factor correction. They can contribute to improving the system's overall power factor by compensating for the lagging power factor loads, such as induction motors and transformers, or by drawing reactive power when necessary.

Overall, the ability of synchronous motors to operate at both leading and lagging power factors is a fundamental characteristic that allows them to play an essential role in industrial applications, contributing to efficient energy use and stability in the motor operation.