In a closed-loop control configuration, measurements of the controlled variable are compared with the desired ______ or ____.

In a closed-loop control configuration, the primary function is to maintain a specific controlled variable at a desired level. This is achieved by measuring the current state of the controlled variable and comparing it to the desired setpoint. The setpoint is the target value that the system aims to achieve, providing a reference for how the system should operate.

When the current measurement differs from the setpoint, the control system takes actions to minimize this difference, often using feedback mechanisms to adjust the system's output. By focusing on the setpoint, the operator or system ensures that the process remains stable and operates efficiently.

Using the terms "value" and "setpoint" in this context clearly indicates the relationship between the actual state of the control variable (the value) and the target state (the setpoint), which is central to the operation of closed-loop control systems.