How are transformers commonly cooled?

Transformers are commonly cooled by placing the core and windings in an oil-filled tank. This method utilizes transformer oil, which serves multiple purposes. Firstly, the oil has excellent thermal properties, allowing it to efficiently absorb heat generated during the operation of the transformer. As the oil heats up, it circulates due to the difference in density between hot and cold oil, aiding in the cooling process.

Additionally, the oil also acts as an insulator, helping to prevent electrical breakdown between the high-voltage components of the transformer. It protects the internal parts from moisture and contaminants, contributing to the longevity and reliability of the transformer.

This cooling method is crucial, especially in larger transformers, where efficient heat dissipation is necessary to maintain operational efficiency and prevent damage.